Troublesome Peace Making: How American Views on Terrorism Affected Norwegian Mediation in Sri Lanka, 2000–2009
Weak mediators normally need to borrow leverage from more powerful players to provide efficient mediation. This situation requires strong co-operation between the weak mediator and more powerful actors or coalitions involved in a peace process. But what if this co-operation fails? This analysis demo...
What Makes Terrorism Salient? Terrorist Strategies, Political Competition, and Public Opinion
This article analyzes the determinants of terrorism saliency in public opinion. It is usually assumed that after a terrorist attack, terrorism becomes automatically salient. However, this assumption is only true in those countries where terrorist attacks are exceptional events. In democracies that ...
The hegemon’s dilemma: internalizing international terrorism
Islamist terrorism has become a grave problem in Central Asia. Terrorism has grown in scope, degree and frequency since 2001 despite strong countervailing forces, such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The ineffectiveness of the SCO in reducing terrorism is cause for puzzlement. The co...
Terrorism as Psychological Warfare
“Terrorism” is linked to “terror” which is a state of mind, created by a level of fear that so agitates body and mind that those struck by it are not capable of making an objective assessment of risks anymore. Fear is a powerful tool in politics. Demagogues have at times conjured up the fear...
Measuring terrorism
In the conceptual literature on terrorism, there is no shortage of answers to the question: “What is terrorism?” Indeed, the terrorism literature has been heavily criticized for a deluge of definitions. And yet the booming quantitative terrorism literature generally examines a narrow set of “w...
Critical realism and historical materialism as resources for critical terrorism studies
Critical Terrorism Studies can be strengthened by scholarship that draws on a combination of critical realism (CR) and historical materialism (HM). CR relates epistemological relativism (we can know the social only indirectly through our interpretation of it) to ontological realism (there is a pow...
The State of the Art on the Financing of Terrorism
At the intersection between crime and security, the study of how terrorist groups and networks finance their activities is crucial both to an overall understanding of their operation and to counter-terrorist activities. Peter Romaniuk explores the progress made by academic research in establishing t...
Tweeting terrorism: Vernacular conceptions of Muslims and terror in the wake of the Manchester Bombing on Twitter
Both vernacular security studies and critical terrorism studies (CTS) offer constructivist analyses of security couched in understandings of security speak. However, neither adequately take account of the ways in which social media presents important opportunities for greater insight into how te...
Defeating Terrorism: A Study of Operational Strategy and Tactics of Police Forces in Jammu & Kashmir (India)
sjafa@hotmail.com The terrorist movement that erupted in Kashmir in 1989 has devastated the State administration and its people’s lives. The government responds to it primarily by delivering an armed response. Obviously, police action is not a complete or final answer to terrorism. Terrorism can ...
The Invisible Impact of Conflict: A Study of Terrorism, Regime Type, and the Shadow Economy
Does terrorism contribute to the growth of the shadow economy? While extensive literature has delved into the causes and consequences of terrorism, little has been studied on its impact on the shadow economy. Employing data on terrorism and the shadow economies of 116 countries from 1990 to 2017...
Terror and the Legitimation of Violence: A CrossNational Analysis on the Relationship between Terrorism and Homicide Rates
This study investigates the relationship between terrorism and interpersonal violence by conducting cross-national analyses on the effects of terrorism mortality rates on homicide rates. Results show that terrorism appears to be robustly and positively associated with homicide. This finding is base...
Engaging in duty of care: towards a terrorism preparedness pla
A minor digression, if you will: it has been over 30 years since I (referring to lead author) first wrote on the topic of terrorism and its potential impact on conducting business in a global context. The most vivid memory I have relative to that initial foray into this new topic was making a pr...
Securitisation and spaces of terrorism in Kenya’s National Police Service counterterrorism discourse
The northeastern and coastal counties of Kenya are characterised by a high prevalence of terrorism and counterterrorism conducted by the Somalia-based Al-Shabaab terror group and the country’s National Police Service, respectively. The National Police Service (NPS) is Kenya’s principal count...
Blasphemy and terrorism in the Muslim world
his article examines the effect of blasphemy laws on Islamist terrorism in Muslim-majority countries. Although passed with the ostensibly noble purpose of defending religion, I argue that blasphemy laws encourage terrorism by creating a culture of vigilantism in which terrorists, claiming to be th...
Terrorism and trust in Northern Ireland
While terrorism produces certainty that the ‘other’ intends to do harm, and chronic uncertainty about the potential for terrorist attack, trust requires the negotiation of uncertainty. This paper begins with a review of the existing literature on trust and terrorism, as a point of departure for ...
Terrorism in the textbook: a comparative analysis of terrorism discourses in Germany, India, Kenya and the United States based on school textbooks
This study traces the (geopolitical) knowledge on terrorism circulating in Germany, India, Kenya, and the United States based on an analysis of school textbooks. It contributes to the existing literature in three ways. First, it transcends the Westerncentrism of International Relations by analysi...
Terrorist crisis management in Japan: Historical development and changing response (1970–1997)
As Japan plays a more significant role in international society, it has become a more attractive target for international terrorists. Under these circumstances, Japan has mostly taken a conciliatory response, as used to deal with the JRA, Aum, MRTA terrorist incidents, in contrast to the hard line r...
The 1904 Assassination of Governor General Bobrikov: Tyrannicide, Anarchism, and the Expanding Scope of “Terrorism”
The little-known assassination in 1904 of governor general Bobrikov, the Russian ruler of Finland, by the Finnish Senate clerk Eugen Schauman can be explained as an act of tyrannicide, anarchism, or terrorism. The article analyzes the question of which category this deed fits into and discusses the ...
THE AU PLAN ON TERRORISM Joining the global war or leading an African battle?
At a senior officials’ meeting held in Algiers from 11-14 September 2002, the African Union proved ready and able to provide the political cohesion and sense of purpose needed for Africa to combat terrorism. While member states inevitably played to a global gallery in demonstrating their commit...
The epidemic–terrorism nexus and how to safeguard Africa against bioterrorism: Lessons from the Global Polio Eradication Initiative?
Bioterrorism – the manipulation of disease crises by terrorist groups to achieve political aims – is an under-researched threat to Africa. The increasing frequency of epidemics and pandemics such as Ebola and Covid-19, concurrent with the regional increase in terrorism, increases the potential f...
The epidemic–terrorism nexus and how to safeguard Africa against bioterrorism: Lessons from the Global Polio Eradication Initiative?
Bioterrorism – the manipulation of disease crises by terrorist groups to achieve political aims – is an under-researched threat to Africa. The increasing frequency of epidemics and pandemics such as Ebola and Covid-19, concurrent with the regional increase in terrorism, increases the potential f...
A utilization-focused guide for conducting terrorism risk reduction program evaluations
The present work employs a utilization-focused evaluation perspective to ask the big question regarding so-called deradicalization programs: how to evaluate the degree to which a given terrorism risk reduction initiative reduces postdetainment terrorism engagement. Its dual objectives are: (a) to p...
An Economic Perspective on Terrorism and Counterterrorism
This occasional-series paper offers an economic perspective on the study of terrorism and counterterrorism. At the outset, the paper identifies how the economic perspective enriches terrorism analysis by stressing rational choice of myriad agents (e.g., the terrorist groups, their supporters, and...
Australian Media Portrayals of Domestic Terrorism: The Sydney Siege and Parramatta Shooting
Content analysis of two Sydney newspapers’ coverage of two recent terrorist events in Australia examined the way Australian media portray domestic terrorism. The findings revealed the existence of Orientalism (Said 1977) in Australian media portrayals of terrorism. This produced an enemy-other ...
Boko Haram terrorism in Nigeria: The international dimension
The terrorist group Boko Haram, or the self-described People of the Tradition of the Prophet (SAW) for Preaching and Striving, continues to terrorise Nigeria, with horrible consequences. Clearly, study of the problem cannot be disconnected from the complex nature of Boko Haram itself, considering th...
What's Special about Female Suicide Terrorism?
This study analyzes the interaction between the motivations of individual attackers and terrorist group strategies. To do so, I combine a quantitative analysis of all known suicide terrorist attacks between 1981 and July 2008 with a strategic account of why terrorist organizations employ female su...
Using Criminal Justice to Foster US-EU Cooperation on Counter-terrorism
The transatlantic alliance which played a key roll in preserving European security in the Cold War has become far more than an alliance in the traditional sense: it has become, to borrow Karl Deutsch’s term, a genuine collective security community, and continues to provide the most capable and ef...
The triviality of terrorism
This article finds that the Australian government’s perception of the threat of terrorism continues to be fundamentally flawed. Suggesting that it is imperative to clearly identify the sources and targets of the terrorist threat, the article concludes that terrorism does not pose an existential or...
The structural production of state terrorism: capitalism, imperialism and international class dynamics
In this article, I argue for a Marxian approach to critical terrorism studies. The methodological approach of critical terrorism studies focuses on the ways in which particular sets of state managers and/or agents working in conjunction with them are more or less directly implicated in specific ter...
The Politics of Perception: Political Preference Strongly Associated with Different Perceptions of Islamist and Right-Wing Terrorism Risk
Islamist and extreme right-wing (XRW) terrorism represent about equal levels of risk in terms of casualties in the U.S. over the past decade, yet Islamist terrorists receive far more news coverage, have more serious charges filed against them, are considered more deserving of torture and detainme...
TERRORISM AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY
10.1080/10242690903105414 Defence and Peace Economics 1024-2694 (print)/1476-8267 (online) Original Article 2009 Taylor & Francis 000 29 MehmetYaya Using a time series method called ‘transfer function’, this paper examines the effect of terrorism on tourism in Turkey. The results indicate th...
Terrorism, Guerrilla, and the Labeling of Militant Groups
Terrorist organizations are presumed to specialize in the planning and execution of acts of terrorism, but to what extent do these groups actually employ terrorism? The answer can help inform the debate over whether such groups should be labeled terrorist organizations at all. We explore these qu...
Selling the end of terrorism: a framing approach to the IRA’s disengagement from armed violence
Experiences from the end of the Provisional Irish Republican Army’s campaign of armed violence have informed broader debates on how terrorism ends, yet this research has underplayed the internal dynamics which made the IRA’s disengagement successful. The article utilises a framing approach to...
Religion, state, and terrorism: A global analysis
This article investigates two ways in which state involvement in religion— minority and majority restriction—generates terrorism. Using a timeseries, cross-national negative binomial analysis of 174 countries from 1991–2009, this study finds that when religiously devout people find themselves...
Predictors of successful terrorism incidents
The research on predictors of successful terrorism incidents is scarce and warrants more scholarly attention to minimize the number of successful terrorist attacks. This study examined whether suicide attack, region, weapon type, attack type, target/ victim type, and type of terrorist organization a...
5th CICA-STR International Conference Contemporary issues on aggression, violence, terrorism: global to local perspectives, Irvine, CA, 7–9 September 2011
The seeds for the 5th Annual CICA–STR (Coloquios Internationales sobre Cerebro y Agresio´n and Society for Terrorism Research) International Conference were planted at a CICA Colloquium held in Bodrum, Turkey, in 2009. At that time, Martı´n Ramirez met Alvin Brown and Stephen Thom of the Di...
A Fifth Wave of Terrorism? The Emergence of Terrorist Semi-States
Drawing on Rapoport’s fourwaves thesis, thisstudyaskswhether the emergence of terrorist semi-states (TSS) in the 21st-century MENA region andPakistan meanthatweareseeingthebeginningofanew(fifth)wave. We define a TSS as a rebel group that a) has control over portions of a weak state’s territo...
A New Barometer for the Evolution of Multilateral Counterterrorism: Introduction to the Materials, Methods, and Results of the UN Security Council and Terrorism Dataset (UNSC-TDS
There is a general tendency among analysts to treat the activity of the United Nations Security Council as a barometer for measuring the evolution of global security issues. However, despite the Council’s central role in multilateral counterterrorism since 9=11, there exists no comprehensive an...
A Weak Link? Irish National Security Policy on International Terrorism
Throughout the Cold War, Irish national security was detached from Western priorities and its policy attracted little academic interest. But such detachment has become increasingly problematic. This paper argues that the threat of international terrorism underlines the need for a change of attitude ...
Another Form of American Exceptionalism? A Comparative Analysis of Terrorism Sting Operations in the US and Abroad
Sting operations can potentially thwart terrorist plots, but could also threaten civil liberties and alienate communities, making them a critical subject for counterterrorism research. Yet despite considerable research on U.S. cases, little is known about terrorism stings elsewhere. How common ...
Better the Devil You Know? How Fringe Terrorism Can Induce an Advantage for Moderate Nonviolent Campaigns
Fringe terrorism is common during nonviolent campaigns. We exam ine how this can modify the strategic environment between dissident groups and the state in ways that present both challenges and opportunities to moderate factions. Terrorism is intended to promote violent escalation in a conflict, ...
Choose Your Weapon: The Impact of Strategic Considerations and Resource Constraints on Terrorist Group Weapon Selection
Historians of terrorism note that modern terrorists rely almost exclu sively on two weapon types: the gun and the bomb. However, the comparative use of these weapons differs from one terrorist group to the next. We exploit this variation to examine how the tactical decisions of terrorists respon...
Combating Terrorism in Central Asia: Explaining Differences in States' Responses to Terror
This work examines differences in the level of violence of counterterrorism measures adopted by Central Asian states. Why do some Central Asian governments opt for wanton repression in the name of the struggle with terrorism, while others adopt less severe methods of control and prevention? To an...
Communication (un)savviness and the failure of terrorism: a case of Pakistani terrorist organizations
The central hypothesis of this article is that there are a large number of terrorist groups whichprolifically employ strategic communication (stratcom), while paradoxically, there are others who markedlyunder utilize it, and therefore, fail to mobilize support for the professed cause. The decisi...
Countering Terrorism: Could Hezbollah and Hamas Show the Way?
Despite five years of concerted effort to eradicate it, terrorism has managed to taunt us continuously. Understanding terrorism and that which makes a person a terrorist is essential, but will not be enough. Dealing with terrorism is a multi-faceted problem reflecting numerous dimensions, peoples an...
Countering transnational terrorism
The spectre of transnational terrorism has risen from a relatively peripheral issue in the 1980's to one of the foremost security challenges for the country. No more can we view the debate of terrorism from the sidelines, or indeed take postures that were more in line with our foreign polic...
Counter-Terrorism Interviewing and Investigative Interoperability: R v ul-Haque [2007] NSWSC 1251
admissions of training with a terrorist organisation made to Australian Federal Police (AFP) officers during interviews on 7 and 12 November 2003 and 9 January 2004. Those interviews followed earlier questioning of ul-Haque by Australian Security and Intelligence Organisation (ASIO) officers on ...
Creating the National/Border Security Nexus: Counter-Terrorist Operations and Monitoring Middle Eastern and North African Visitors to the UK in the 1970s–1980s
This article looks at an earlier episode in the history of the UK border security apparatus by examining how the immigration control system was used in the 1970s and 1980s to detect potential terrorists from the Middle East and North Africa. Using recently opened archival records, it shows that ...
Critical realism and historical materialism as resources for critical terrorism studies
Critical Terrorism Studies can be strengthened by scholarship that draws on a combina tion of critical realism (CR) and historical materialism (HM). CR relates epistemolog ical relativism (we can know the social only indirectly through our interpretation of it) to ontological realism (there is a p...
Critical Terrorism Studies and Its Implications for Africa
In Somalia, the African Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) forces are engaged in a fierce counter-insurgency campaign against Al Shabab terrorists. Regional and international players such as Ethiopia and the USA support AMISOM. In northern Mali, French forces together with those of the Economic Communi...
Showing 50 from 1505