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This Fact Sheet No. 32 provides a comprehensive overview of the complex relationship between terrorism and counter‑terrorism on the one hand and the protection of human rights on the other. It defines key concepts—what are human rights and what is terrorism—examines the impact of terrorism on human rights, and addresses state obligations and accountability in counter‑terrorism contexts. Particular attention is paid to specific human‑rights challenges arising in counter‑terrorism: the right to life, the absolute prohibition of torture, non‑derogable rights, transfers of suspects, liberty and security of the person, profiling and discrimination, due process, legality of terrorism definitions, freedom of expression and association, data protection and privacy. The document argues that effective counter‑terrorism and human‑rights protection are not mutually exclusive but must be pursued together. It provides guidance for states, practitioners and civil society, emphasising accountability, rule of law and human‑rights‑compliance of counter‑terrorism measures.In an era of persistent terrorist threats and increasing deployment of counter‑terrorism laws and practices globally, this document remains highly relevant. It offers normative guidance for legislators, policy‑makers, human‑rights practitioners, civil‑society organisations and community actors engaged in preventing extremism, protecting rights and ensuring legitimate security responses. For community engagement, the Fact Sheet can be used to design training sessions or workshops for local stakeholders—educating on rights implications of counter‑terrorism, promoting community trust in legal frameworks, enabling monitoring of state practices and fostering inclusive dialogue among vulnerable groups. It also provides a frame for civil‑society organisations working with victims of terrorism or counter‑terror measures to understand their rights and obligations.Fact Sheet No. 32 is a crucial and authoritative resource for understanding how counter‑terrorism can and must align with human‑rights standards. It serves as a practical and accessible guide to navigating the legal and policy intersections of security and rights, making it valuable for academics, practitioners, and community stakeholders alike.